1. SHELL

1.1. 指令

SHELL ["executable", "parameters"]

1.2. 描述

SHELL指令可以指定新的系统shell来执行 Dockerfile 中的内容。在默认情况下,Linux的默认shell是 [“/bin/sh”, “-c”] ,Windows的是 [“cmd”, “/S”, “/C”] 。

Windows系统中常用cmd和powershell,也可能会同时有 sh ,在构建镜像时可能会比较多的使用到 SHELL 。

SHELL指令必须以JSON格式编写。主要影响的 Dockerfile指令是:RUN、CMD、ENTRYPOINT

SHELL指令可以出现多次,每个SHELL指令覆盖之前的SHELL指令设置的shell,并影响后续的指令。

FROM microsoft/windowsservercore

# Executed as cmd /S /C echo default
RUN echo default

# Executed as cmd /S /C powershell -command Write-Host default
RUN powershell -command Write-Host default

# Executed as powershell -command Write-Host hello
SHELL ["powershell", "-command"]
RUN Write-Host hello

# Executed as cmd /S /C echo hello
SHELL ["cmd", "/S", "/C"]
RUN echo hello

1.3. Windows镜像示例

由于Windows系统的镜像中,默认SHELL指令为SHELL ["cmd", "/S"", "/C"] 所以:

RUN powershell -command Execute-MyCmdlet -param1 "c:\foo.txt"

默认等价于

cmd /S /C powershell -command Execute-MyCmdlet -param1 "c:\foo.txt"

使用JOSON格式

RUN ["powershell", "-command", "Execute-MyCmdlet", "-param1 \"c:\\foo.txt\""]

才默认等价于

powershell -command Execute-MyCmdlet -param1 "c:\foo.txt"

只有在重新定义SHELL如下:

SHELL ["powershell", "-command"]
RUN Execute-MyCmdlet -param1 "c:\foo.txt"

才等价于

powershell -command Execute-MyCmdlet -param1 "c:\foo.txt"
Copyright © 温玉 2021 | 浙ICP备2020032454号 all right reserved,powered by Gitbook该文件修订时间: 2022-03-13 11:28:02

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